1. Sentence Structure

  Subject-Verb Agreement: Singular and plural subjects with corresponding verbs.
  Simple, Compound, and Complex Sentences: Understanding and using different sentence structures.
  Independent and Dependent Clauses: Recognizing and constructing sentences with main and subordinate clauses.

2. Verb Tenses

  Present Simple and Continuous: Usage and differences.
  Past Simple and Continuous: Forming and using past tenses correctly.
  Present Perfect and Past Perfect: Usage, particularly in comparison to simple past.
  Future Tenses: Different ways to express future actions (will, going to, present continuous for future).

3. Modals and Auxiliary Verbs

  Modals: Can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.
  Auxiliary Verbs: Be, do, have in different tenses and questions/negatives.

4. Nouns and Pronouns

  Countable and Uncountable Nouns: Usage, quantifiers.
  Possessive Nouns and Pronouns: Forming and using possessives.
  Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns: Myself, yourself, etc.
  Relative Pronouns: Who, whom, whose, which, that.

5. Adjectives and Adverbs

  Comparative and Superlative Forms: Forming and using comparisons.
  Adjective Order: Correct order of multiple adjectives.
  Adverbs of Frequency, Manner, Degree: Placement and usage.
  Adjective vs. Adverb: Distinguishing between them.

6. Prepositions

  Common Prepositions: At, in, on, by, with, etc.
  Prepositional Phrases: Forming and using phrases for time, place, and manner.

7. Conjunctions

  Coordinating Conjunctions: For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (FANBOYS).
  Subordinating Conjunctions: Because, since, although, if, unless, etc.
  Correlative Conjunctions: Either/or, neither/nor, both/and, not only/but also.

8. Articles and Determiners

  Definite and Indefinite Articles: The, a, an.
  Quantifiers: Some, any, much, many, few, little.

9. Punctuation

  Commas, Periods, Question Marks: Basic usage.
  Apostrophes: Possession and contractions.
  Quotation Marks: Direct speech and quotations.
  Colons and Semicolons: Advanced punctuation.

10. Conditionals

  Zero, First, Second, Third Conditionals: Forms and uses.
  Mixed Conditionals: Understanding and using mixed conditionals.

11. Passive Voice

  Forming Passive Sentences: Changing active to passive voice.
  Uses of Passive Voice: When and why to use passive constructions.

12. Reported Speech

  Direct and Indirect Speech: Converting statements, questions, and commands.

13. Subject-Verb Inversion

  Questions: Forming yes/no and wh- questions.
  Inversion after Negatives: Negative adverbials (e.g., never, rarely) causing inversion.

14. Gerunds and Infinitives

  Using Gerunds and Infinitives: When to use -ing forms and to + base verb.
  Verbs followed by Gerunds or Infinitives: Differences in meaning.

15. Word Formation

  Prefixes and Suffixes: Forming nouns, adjectives, and verbs.